The Garden of Les Mathurins at Pontoise
Framed: 59 x 79 1/4 x 4 inches (149.86 x 201.3 x 10.16 cm)
- 127
Troisième Exposition des Peintres Impressionnistes, Rue Le Peletier, Paris, April 1877, no. 166, as Jardin des Mathurins, à Pontoise.
Œuvres de C. Pissarro, Galerie Durand-Ruel, Paris, May 1–25, 1883, no. 20.
Centenaire de la naissance de Camille Pissarro, Musée de L’Orangerie, Paris, February–March 1930, no. 119, as Jardin avec une femme.
Exposition Pissarro, Galerie André Weil, Paris, June 1–27, 1950, no. 12, as Le Jardin des Mathurins, Pontoise.
Exposition Camille Pissarro, Galeries Durand-Ruel, Paris, June 26–September 14, 1956, no. 29, as Le Jardin des Mathurins, Pontoise.
Camille Pissarro, 1830–1903, Kunstmuseum Bern, January 19–March 10, 1957, no. 43, as Le jardin des Mathurins, Pontoise.
C. Pissarro: Loan Exhibition For the Benefit of Recording for the Blind, Wildenstein, New York, March 25–May 1, 1965, no. 33, as Le Jardin des Mathurins, Pontoise.
Pissarro: Camille Pissarro, 1830–1903, Hayward Gallery, London, October 30, 1980–January 11, 1981; Grand Palais, Paris, January 30–April 27, 1981; Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, May 19–August 9, 1981, no. 44, as Le jardin des Mathurins, Pontoise, propriété des Dames Desraimes.
The New Painting: Impressionism, 1874–1886, National Gallery of Art, Washington, DC, January 17–April, 6, 1986; The Fine Arts Museums of San Francisco, April 19–July 6, 1986, no. 58, as Jardin des Mathurins.
Impressionism: Selections from Five American Museums, The Carnegie Museum of Art, Pittsburgh, November 4–December 31, 1989; The Minneapolis Institute of Arts, January 27–March 25, 1990; The Nelson-Atkins Museum of Art, Kansas City, MO, March 21–June 17, 1990; The Saint Louis Art Museum, July 14–September 9, 1990; The Toledo Museum of Art, September 30–November 25, 1990, no. 62, as Garden of Les Mathurins at Pontoise.
À l’Apogée de l’Impressionnisme: la Collection Georges de Bellio, Musée Marmottan-Monet, Paris, October 10, 2007–February 3, 2008, no. 27, as Le Jardin des Mathurins.
This painting is exceptional among Camille Pissarro’s works in its monumental scale and depiction of middle-class life. Maria Deraismes, an important literary and social figure, strolls through the garden of Les Mathurins, the residence she rented near Pissarro’s home in Pontoise, a village northwest of Paris. She approaches a silvered glass ball on a tripod, a decoration that produces distorted reflections.
Pissarro experimented with cutting-edge color theory in the bright, strong colors of the flowers. By juxtaposing the complementary colors red and green, he increased the overall vibrancy of the hues.
Probably purchased from the artist by Dr. Georges de Bellio (né Gheorge Bellu, 1828–1894), Paris, by May 1, 1883–January 26, 1894 [1];
By descent to his daughter, Victorine (née Victorina Bellu, later de Bellio, 1863–1958) and son-in-law, Eugène “Ernest” (1860–1942) Donop de Monchy, Paris, January 26, 1894–possibly at least March 27, 1920 [2];
Paul Henri Ziegler (1874–1968), Paris, by February 1930–at least March 10, 1957 [3];
With Rosenberg and Stiebel, Inc., New York, at least October 27, 1959–May 6, 1960 [4];
Purchased from Rosenberg and Stiebel by The Nelson-Atkins Museum of Art, Kansas City, MO, 1960.
NOTES
[1] This painting is referenced in the inventory that was drawn up after de Bellio’s death by his son-in-law, Eugène Donop de Monchy. See “Catalogue des tableaux anciens et modernes, aquarelles, dessins, pastels, miniatures, formant la collection de Mr. E. Donop de Monchy (Ancienne collection Georges de Bellio),” ca. 1894–1897, Musée Marmottan Monet, Paris, Archives, inventory no. 102. For inventory number, see Marianne Delafond, A l’apogées de l’impressionnisme: la collection Georges de Bellio, exh. cat. (Paris: Musée Marmottan Monet, 2007), 70.
[2] Possibly cited in “Expertise des tableaux de la Collection Donop de Monchy,” March 27, 1920, Musée Marmottan Monet, Paris, Archives.
[3] The painting was on exhibition at Camille Pissarro, 1830–1903, Kunstmuseum Bern, from January 19 to March 10, 1957, and, according to the exhibition catalogue, it was lent by the Automobile-Club de France, Paris. Emmanuel Piat, Head of History and Historical Heritage of the Automobile-Club de France (ACF), is unable to confirm the presence of this work in their collection. However, Paul H. Ziegler was an ACF committee member and in the late 1950s often lent artwork to adorn the offices and salons of the ACF. Therefore, it is possible that the Pissarro painting was still owned by Ziegler and was kept in the ACF lounges until January 1957, when it was sent to the Bern Exhibition. See correspondence from Emmanuel Piat, Responsable Histoire et Patrimoine Historique de l’Automobile-Club de France, to Danielle Hampton Cullen, NAMA, July 2, 2021, NAMA curatorial files.
[4] See letter from Ralph T. Coe, curator paintings and sculpture, NAMA, to Rosenberg and Stiebel Inc., New York, October 27, 1959, NAMA curatorial files. The painting was sent on approval to the museum on April 7, 1960. See letter from Coe to Rosenberg and Stiebel, April 7, 1960, NAMA curatorial files. It was placed on view in the Impressionist Gallery at The Nelson-Atkins Museum of Art pending its purchase. See “Minutes of April 15, 1960,” April 15, 1960, NAMA Archives, Board of Trustee Minutes 1926–present. The painting was not purchased by the museum until May 6, 1960.
Catalogue de la 3e exposition de peinture, exh. cat. (Paris: Rue Le Peletier, 1877), unpaginated [repr., in Theodore Reff, ed., Modern Art in Paris: Two-Hundred Catalogues of the Major Exhibitions Reproduced in Facsimile in Forty-Seven Volumes, vol. 23, Impressionist Group Exhibitions (New York: Garland, 1981), unpaginated], as Jardin des Mathurins, à Pontoise.
Possibly “L’Exposition des Impressionnistes,” L’Événement (April 6, 1877): 2.
Possibly (Ch.) Flor O’Squarr, “Les Impressionnistes,” Courrier de France (April 6, 1877): 2.
Georges Rivière, “L’Exposition des Impressionnistes,” L’Impressionniste Journal d’art, no. 1 (April 6, 1877): 2.
Alexandre Pothey, “Beaux–Arts,” Le Petit Parisien, no. 173 (April 7, 1877): unpaginated.
Possibly Georges Lafenestre, “Le Jour et la nuit,” Le Moniteur universel, no. 96 (April 8, 1877): 486, as Le Jardin des Mathurins.
Possibly Bertall, “Exposition des Impressionnistes,” Paris–Journal (April 9, 1877): I-2.
Léon de Lora, “L’Exposition des Impressionnistes,” Le Gaulois, no. 3094 (April 10, 1877): 2.
“Exposition des Impressionnistes,” La Petite République Française, no. 363 (April 10, 1877): 2, as Jardin des Mathurins à Pontoise.
Possibly R. Ballu, “L’Exposition des Peintres Impressionnistes,” Les Beaux-Arts Illustrés (April 23, 1877): 392.
Jacques Mauny, “Thousands of Paintings on View in Paris,” New York Times 70, no. 26,363 (March 30, 1930): 13.
Centenaire de la naissance de Camille Pissarro, exh. cat. (Paris: Musée de L’Orangerie, 1930), unpaginated, as Jardin avec une femme.
Ludovic Rodo Pissarro and Lionello Venturi, Camille Pissarro: Son Art, Son Œuvre (Paris: Paul Rosenberg, 1939), no. 349, pp. 1:130, 2: unpaginated, (repro.), as Le Jardin des Mathurins, Pontoise.
Lionello Venturi, Les Archives de L’Impressionnisme (Paris: Durand-Ruel, 1939), 261, Jardin des Mathurins, à Pontoise.
Exposition Pissarro, exh. cat. (Paris: Galerie André Weil, 1950), unpaginated, as Le jardin des Mathurins, Pontoise, propriété des Desraimes.
Paul Gachet, Deux amis des impressionnistes: le docteur Gachet et Murer (Paris: Musées Nationaux, 1956), 171, as Les Mathurins.
Exposition Camille Pissarro, exh. cat. (Paris: Durand-Ruel Galleries, 1956), unpaginated, as Le jardin des Mathurins, Pontoise, propriété des Dames Desraimes.
Camille Pissarro, 1830–1903, exh. cat. (Bern: Kunstmuseum, 1957), 13, as Le jardin des Mathurin, Pontoise, propriété des Dames Desraimes.
“Calendar, November, 1960: Recent Accession,” Gallery Events (The Nelson-Atkins Museum of Art) (November 1960): unpaginated, as Le Jardin des Mathurins, Pontoise.
“Nelson Gallery Benefits from Donors’ Generosity,” *Kansas City Star *80, no. 234 (May 8, 1960): 3A.
“Accessions of American and Canadian Museums,” Art Quarterly, no. 23 (July–September 1960): 400, 415, (repro.), as Le Jardin des Mathurins.
Jan Dickerson, “Impressionist Art Purchase Shown at Gallery,” Kansas City Star 81, no. 50 (November 6, 1960): 1F, (repro.), as Les Jardin des Mathurins.
Bill Graves, “Pissarro: Dean of Impressionist Painters,” Kansas City Times 123, no. 294 (December 8, 1960): 10D, as Le Jardin des Mathurins, Pontoise and Les Jardin des Mathurins.
Ralph T. Coe, “Camille Pissarro’s Jardin des Mathurins: An Inquiry into Impressionist Composition,” Bulletin (The Nelson Gallery and Atkins Museum) 4, no. 4 (Spring 1963): 1–22, (repro.), as Jardin des Mathurins.
Remus Niculescu, “Georges de Bellio, l’ami des impressionnistes,” Revue roumaine d’histoire de l’art, no. 2 (1964): 241, 265, [repr., in Remus Niculescu, Georges de Bellio: l’Ami des impressionnistes (Paris: Editions de l’Académie de la république populaire roumaine, 1970), 17, 71–72], as Jardin des Mathurins.
Ralph T. Coe, “A Curator tells the ‘Why’ of Gallery Purchases,” Kansas City Star 85, no. 318 (August 1, 1965): 1D, (repro.), as Le Jardin des Mathurins.
C. Pissarro: Loan Exhibition For the Benefit of Recording for the Blind, Inc., exh. cat. (New York: Wildenstein, 1965), unpaginated, as Le Jardin des Mathurins, Pontoise.
Jarrold Lanes, “Current and Forthcoming Exhibitions,” Burlington Magazine 107, no. 746 (May 1965): 275–76, (repro.), as Le Jardins des Mathurins, Pontoise.
Rosalind K. Ellingworth, “Art and Ages Reborn for Students on Tours at Gallery,” Kansas City Times 101, no. 208 (May 8, 1969): 3B, (repro.).
Ellen Goheen, “From Romanticism to Pop,” Apollo, no. 130 (December 1972): 543, (repro.), [repr., in Denys Sutton, ed., William Rockhill Nelson Gallery, Atkins Museum of Fine Arts, Kansas City (London: Apollo Magazine, 1972), 75], as Le Jardin des Mathurins.
Ross E. Taggart and George L. McKenna, eds., Handbook of the Collections in The William Rockhill Nelson Gallery of Art and Mary Atkins Museum of Fine Arts, Kansas City, Missouri, vol. 1, Art of the Occident, 5th ed. (Kansas City, MO: William Rockhill Nelson Gallery of Art and Mary Atkins Museum of Fine Arts, 1973), 163, 258, (repro.), as Le Jardin des Mathurins, Pontoise.
Janine Bailly-Herzberg ed., Correspondance de Camille Pissarro (Paris: Editions du Valhermeil, 1980), 1:323, as Jardin des Mathurins.
John Rewald et al., Pissarro: Camille Pissarro, 1830–1903, exh. cat. (London: Arts Council of Great Britain, 1980), 28, 30, 108–09, (repro.), as Le jardin des Mathurins, Pontoise, propriété des Dames Desraimes.
John Russell Taylor, “Pissarro reveals versatility as well as consistency,” Times (London), no. 60,767 (November 4, 1980): 8, as The Garden of the Mathurins.
Christopher Lloyd, Camille Pissarro (Geneva: Skira, 1981), 103, 146, (repro.), as The Garden of the Mathurins, Pontoise.
Sophie Monneret, L’Impressionnisme et son Époque (Paris: Éditions Denoël, 1981), 1:68, 3:151, as Jardin des Mathurins, à Pontoise.
Andrea P. A. Belloli, ed., A Day in the Country: Impressionism and the French Landscape, exh. cat. (Los Angeles: Los Angeles County Museum of Art, 1984), 228, as Garden of the Mathurins, Pontoise.
“Education Insights: Lunch Break. The Impressionist Landscape,” Calendar of Events (The Nelson-Atkins Museum of Art) (June 1985): unpaginated, as Le Jardin des Mathurins, Pontoise.
Charles S. Moffett, The New Painting: Impressionism 1874–1886, exh. cat. (Geneva: Richard Burton SA, 1986), 206, 231, (repro.), as Jardin des Mathurins.
Laura Rollins Hockaday, “Snow, Art on Exhibit in Capitol,” Kansas City Star 106, no. 127 (February 16, 1986): 8F, as Garden of Les Mathurins at Pontoise.
Donald Hoffmann, “Excitement in the Revolution Again: ‘New Painting’ is a fresh breath of impressionism,” Kansas City Star 106, no. 133 (February 23, 1986): 6D, (repro.), as Garden of Les Mathurins at Pontoise.
Mark M. Johnson, “The New Painting: ‘Impressionism 1874–1886,’” Arts and Activities 99, no. 2 (March 1986): 29, (repro.), as Jardin des Mathurins.
Bruce Bernard, ed., The Impressionist Revolution (London: Orbis, 1986), 104–05, 269, (repro.), as The Garden of Les Mathurins.
Christopher Lloyd, ed., Studies on Camille Pissarro (London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1986), 18, as Le Jardin des Mathurins.
E. D. Lilley, “Zola and Pissarro: a Coincidence,” Burlington Magazine 129, no. 1006 (January 1987): 24–25, as Jardin des Mathurins, à Pontoise.
Ellen R. Goheen, The Collections of the Nelson-Atkins Museum of Art (New York: Harry N. Abrams, 1988), 102–03, as Le Jardin de Mathurins.
Janine Bailly-Herzberg, ed., Correspondance de Camille Pissarro (Paris: Editions du Valhermeil, 1988), 3:323, Jardin de Mlle Deraismes.
Marc S. Gerstein, Impressionism: Selections from Five American Museums, exh. cat. (New York: Hudson Hills Press, 1989), 12, 146–47, (repro), as The Garden of Les Mathurins at Pontoise.
David Lewis, “Museum Impressions,” Carnegie Magazine 59, no. 12 (November–December 1989): 46, as The Garden of Les Mathurins at Pontoise.
Toni Wood, “The Impressionists broke all the rules: Modern viewers love impressionism,” Kansas City Star 110, no. 184 (April 15, 1990): H4, as Gardens of Les Mathurins at Pontoise.
Toni Wood, “Expatriate paintings in Midwest: Works took diverse routes to exhibit,” Kansas City Star 110, no. 233 (June 3, 1990): G5, as The Garden of the Les Mathurins.
Ludovico Rodo Pissarro and Lionello Venturi, Camille Pissarro, Son Art—Son Œuvre, 2nd rev. ed. (San Francisco: Alan Wofsy Fine Arts, 1989), no. 349, pp. 1:130; 2: unpaginated, (repro.), as Le Jardin des Mathurins, Pontoise.
Judith Bumpus, Impressionist Gardens (Oxford: Phaidon Press Limited, 1990), unpaginated. (repro.), as Garden of Les Mathurins, Pontoise.
Richard R. Brettell, Pissarro and Pontoise: The Painter in a Landscape (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1990), 41–42, 173–76, (repro.), as Les Jardin des Mathurins, Pontoise.
Anne Distel, Impressionism: The First Collectors, trans. Barbara Perroud-Benson (New York: Harry N. Abrams, 1990), 121, as Garden of Les Mathurins at Pontoise.
Michael Howard, The Impressionists by Themselves, exh. cat. (London: Conran Octopus, 1991), unpaginated, as Garden of Les Mathurins at Pontoise.
Stuart Wreke and William Howard Adams, eds., Denatured Visions: Landscape and Culture in the Twentieth Century, exh. cat. (New York: Museum of Modern Art, 1991), 29, (repro.), as Garden of Les Mathurins at Pontoise.
John Dixon Hunt, Gardens and the Picturesque: Studies in the History of Landscape Architecture (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1992), 256, 258, (repro.), as The Garden Les Mathurins at Pontoise.
Manfred Koch-Hillebrecht, Museen in den USA: Gemälde (Munich: Hirmer Verlag GmbH, 1992), 244, as Garten der Mathurins, Pontoise.
Bernard Denvir, The Chronicle of Impressionism: An Intimate Diary of the Lives and World of the Great Artists (London: Thames and Hudson, 1993), 279.
Roger Ward and Patricia J. Fidler, eds., The Nelson-Atkins Museum of Art: A Handbook of the Collection (New York: Hudson Hills Press, in association with Nelson-Atkins Museum of Art, 1993), 207, (repro.), as The Garden of Les Mathurins at Pontoise.
Manuel Jover, “Cezanne and Pissarro: Painting in the Open Air,” in “The Painters at Auvers,” special issue, Beaux Arts (1994): unpaginated, (repro.), as Garden of the Mathurins at Pontoise.
Lauren S. Seifert, “On the Use of Concept Formation Tasks to Educate Naive Observers About the Visual Arts,” Visual Arts Research 22, no. 1 (Spring 1996): 18, as The Garden of Les Mathurins at Pontoise.
Ruth Berson, The New Painting, Impressionism, 1874–1886 (San Francisco: Fine Arts Museums of San Francisco, 1996), no. III-166, pp. 1:120, 132, 169, 176; 2:80, 99, (repro.), as Jardin des Mathurins.
Michael Howard, Impressionism (London: Carlton Books, 1997), 158, (repro.), as Garden at Les Mathurins at Pontoise.
Richard L. Mallonee, “Applying Multiple Intelligence Theory in the Music Classroom,” Choral Journal 38, no. 8 (March 1998): 39, 41n11, as The Garden at Les Mathurins at Pontoise.
Richard R. Brettell, “John G. Hutton, ‘Neo-Impressionism and the Search for Solid Ground: Art, Science, and Anarchism in Fin-de-siècle France;’ Martha Ward, ‘Pissarro, Neo-Impressionism, and the Spaces of the Avant-Garde,’” Art Bulletin, no. 1 (March 1, 1999): 169, 175, as La jardin des Mathurins.
Impressionism (New York: Todtri, 2001), 216, as Garden of the Mathurins at Pontoise.
“Vincent Van Gogh: Honor Anniversary of Modern Master’s Life and Art with a Visit to the Nelson-Akins,” Newsletter (The Nelson-Atkins Museum of Art) (March 2003): unpaginated, (repro.), as The Garden of Les Mathurins.
Norio Shimada, The History of Impressionism, exh. cat. (Tokyo: Shōgakukan, 2004), 150, (repro.).
Clare Willsdon, In the Gardens of Impressionism (New York: Vendome Press, 2004), 140–41, 147, (repro.), as The Garden of the Mathurins, Pontoise.
Richard R. Brettell and Anne-Birgitte Fonsmark, Gauguin and Impressionism, exh. cat. (Fort Worth, TX: Kimbell Art Museum, 2005), 212, (repro.), as The Garden of Les Mathurins at Pontoise.
Joachim Pissarro and Claire Durand-Ruel Snollaerts, Pissarro: Catalogue critique des peintures; Critical Catalogue of Paintings (New York: Wildenstein Institute Publications, 2005), no. 448, pp. 1:362, 376, 387, 390–91, 396, 406, 409, 413; 2:324–25, (repro.), as Le Jardin des Mathurins.
Stephane Guegan, “Cézanne, Pissarro, 1865–1885,” Beaux-Arts Magazine (2006): 52–54, (repro.), as Le Jardin des Mathurins.
Marianne Delafond, À l’apogée de l’impressionnisme: la Collection Georges de Bellio, exh. cat. (Paris: Musée Marmottan Monet, 2007), 27, 30–31, 70, (repro.), as Le Jardin des Mathurins, Pontoise.
Deborah Emont Scott, ed., The Nelson-Atkins Museum of Art: A Handbook of the Collection, 7th ed. (Kansas City, MO: Nelson-Atkins Museum of Art, 2008), 119, (repro.), as The Garden of Les Mathurins at Pontoise.
“‘The Garden of les Mathurins at Pontoise’ by Camille Pissarro,” Kansas City Star (July 9, 2010): MG5.
Suzanne P. Cole, “Eye Level: A Garden Sojourn with a Woman of Distinction,” Kansas City Star Magazine, supplement, Kansas City Star 130, no. 304 (July 18, 2010): S5, (repro.), as The Garden of les Mathurins at Pontoise.
Clare Willsdon, Impressionist Gardens, exh. cat. (Edinburgh: National Galleries of Scotland, 2010), 162n3, as Le Jardin des Mathurins, Pontoise, propriété des dames Deraismes.
Claire Durand-Ruel Snollaerts, Pissarro: patriarche des impressionnistes (Paris: Éditions Gallimard, 2012), 40, (repro.), Le Jardin des Mathurins.
Simon R. Kelly and April M. Watson, Impressionist France: Visions of Nation from Le Gray to Monet, exh. cat. (St. Louis: Saint Louis Art Museum, 2013), 208, 210, (repro.), as The Garden of Les Mathurins at Pontoise.
Philippe Cros, Pissarro: l’anima dell’impressionismo, exh. cat. (Roma: Rubbettino, 2014), 24, as Il giardino dei Mathurins, a Pontoise.
Marianne Mathieu et al., Impression, soleil levant: l’histoire vraie du chef-d’œuvre de Claude Monet, exh. cat. (Paris: Hazan, 2014), 136, as Le jardin des Mathurins, Pontoise.
Garrett Stewart, “Visualizing Books, Virtualizing Readers,” Yearbook of English Studies 45 (2015): 266–67, as The Garden of Les Mathurins.
Catherine Futter et al., Bloch Galleries: Highlights from the Collection of the Nelson-Atkins Museum of Art (Kansas City, MO: Nelson-Atkins Museum of Art, 2016), 63, (repro.), as The Garden of Les Mathurins.
Claire Durand-Ruel Snollaerts and Christophe Duvivier, Camille Pissarro: le premier des impressionnistes, exh. cat. (Paris: Éditions Hazan, 2017), 68, 70–71, (repro.), as Garden of Les Mathurins at Pontoise.
Christophe Duvivier, Christophe Duvivier, Pissarro à Pontoise (Cergy-Pontoise, France: Val d’Oise, le département, 2017), 18, (repro.), as Jardin des Mathurins, Pontoise, propriété des dames Deraismes.
advertisement, INK (magazine from The Kansas City Star) (May 3, 2017): (repro.).
Mathias Chivot et al., Côté Jardin, de Monet à Bonnard, exh. cat. (Paris: Réunion des musées nationaux, 2021), 88, (repro.), as Le Jardin des Mathurins, Pontoise, propriété des dames Deraismes.
Christophe Duvivier and Joseph Helfenstein, eds., Camille Pissarro: The Studio of Modernism, exh. cat. (Munich: Prestel, 2021), 189, 317, (repro.), as The Garden at Les Mathurins, Pontoise, Belonging to the Deraismes Sisters.
André Dombrowski, “Camille Pissarro, The Garden of Les Mathurins at Pontoise, 1876,” catalogue entry in French Paintings and Pastels, 1600–1945: The Collections of the Nelson-Atkins Museum of Art, ed. Aimee Marcereau DeGalan (Kansas City: The Nelson-Atkins Museum of Art, 2024), https://doi.org/10.37764/78973.5.642.5407.
